Friday Afternoon Pairs, Friday Aft, November 12, 2010 RESULTS OF BOARD 1 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 1.00 6.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 550 6.50 0.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 6-Harris-Shelley 400 3.50 3.50 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 400 3.50 3.50 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 10-Lake-Nelson 550 6.50 0.50 7-McCabe-Craig vs 3-Bearden-Davis 250 0.00 7.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 400 3.50 3.50 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 400 3.50 3.50 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 9-Apgar-Bunch ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 2 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 3.00 4.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 100 3.00 4.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 6-Harris-Shelley 90 5.00 2.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 200 0.50 6.50 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 10-Lake-Nelson 200 0.50 6.50 7-McCabe-Craig vs 3-Bearden-Davis 140 7.00 0.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 110 6.00 1.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 100 3.00 4.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 9-Apgar-Bunch ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 3 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 500 7.00 0.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 140 1.00 6.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 6-Harris-Shelley 200 3.00 4.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 400 6.00 1.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 10-Lake-Nelson 100 0.00 7.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 3-Bearden-Davis 300 5.00 2.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 200 3.00 4.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 200 3.00 4.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 9-Apgar-Bunch ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 4 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 690 6.00 1.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 10-Lake-Nelson 630 1.00 6.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 2-Riley-Riley 690 6.00 1.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 660 3.00 4.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 690 6.00 1.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 620 0.00 7.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 660 3.00 4.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 6-Harris-Shelley 660 3.00 4.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 8-Gilmore-Helms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 5 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 7.00 0.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 10-Lake-Nelson 420 2.00 5.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 2-Riley-Riley 50 6.00 1.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 420 2.00 5.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 420 2.00 5.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 420 2.00 5.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 170 5.00 2.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 6-Harris-Shelley 420 2.00 5.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 8-Gilmore-Helms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 6 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 6.00 1.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 10-Lake-Nelson 120 4.50 2.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 2-Riley-Riley 170 0.50 6.50 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 140 2.50 4.50 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 140 2.50 4.50 7-McCabe-Craig vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 200 7.00 0.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 120 4.50 2.50 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 6-Harris-Shelley 170 0.50 6.50 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 8-Gilmore-Helms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 7 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 2.36 4.64 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 140 2.36 4.64 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 620 0.07 6.93 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 140 2.36 4.64 7-McCabe-Craig vs 10-Lake-Nelson 100 6.36 0.64 8-Smith-Hull vs 2-Riley-Riley 110 4.64 2.36 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 100 6.36 0.64 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 7-Prechter-Kastner ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 8 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 50 4.07 2.93 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 100 5.79 1.21 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 480 1.21 5.79 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 50 4.07 2.93 7-McCabe-Craig vs 10-Lake-Nelson 200 6.93 0.07 8-Smith-Hull vs 2-Riley-Riley 400 2.36 4.64 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 980 0.07 6.93 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 7-Prechter-Kastner ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 9 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 200 5.21 1.79 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 1100 6.93 0.07 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 300 0.07 6.93 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 200 5.21 1.79 7-McCabe-Craig vs 10-Lake-Nelson 150 2.93 4.07 8-Smith-Hull vs 2-Riley-Riley 150 2.93 4.07 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 100 1.21 5.79 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 7-Prechter-Kastner ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 10 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 660 3.50 3.50 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 630 6.50 0.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 10-Lake-Nelson 690 0.50 6.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 2-Riley-Riley 660 3.50 3.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 660 3.50 3.50 7-McCabe-Craig vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 630 6.50 0.50 8-Smith-Hull vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 660 3.50 3.50 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 3-Bearden-Davis 690 0.50 6.50 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 6-Harris-Shelley ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 11 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 980 5.00 2.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 1010 0.00 7.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 10-Lake-Nelson 990 1.50 5.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 2-Riley-Riley 980 5.00 2.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 980 5.00 2.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 990 1.50 5.50 8-Smith-Hull vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 980 5.00 2.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 3-Bearden-Davis 980 5.00 2.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 6-Harris-Shelley ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 12 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 7.00 0.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 170 3.00 4.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 10-Lake-Nelson 420 0.50 6.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 2-Riley-Riley 420 0.50 6.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 50 6.00 1.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 140 5.00 2.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 170 3.00 4.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 3-Bearden-Davis 170 3.00 4.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 6-Harris-Shelley ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 13 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 1370 5.00 2.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 710 3.00 4.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 100 0.50 6.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 1440 7.00 0.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 3-Bearden-Davis 660 2.00 5.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 1370 5.00 2.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 10-Lake-Nelson 100 0.50 6.50 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 2-Riley-Riley 1370 5.00 2.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 4-McCarron-McCarron ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 14 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 480 5.50 1.50 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 480 5.50 1.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 480 5.50 1.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 980 1.50 5.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 3-Bearden-Davis 480 5.50 1.50 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 490 3.00 4.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 10-Lake-Nelson 990 0.00 7.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 2-Riley-Riley 980 1.50 5.50 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 4-McCarron-McCarron ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 15 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 660 6.00 1.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 660 6.00 1.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 150 2.00 5.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 630 4.00 3.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 3-Bearden-Davis 100 0.50 6.50 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 100 0.50 6.50 8-Smith-Hull vs 10-Lake-Nelson 660 6.00 1.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 2-Riley-Riley 600 3.00 4.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 4-McCarron-McCarron ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 16 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 5.00 2.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 140 5.00 2.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 150 0.00 7.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 10-Lake-Nelson 140 5.00 2.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 2-Riley-Riley 50 2.50 4.50 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 100 1.00 6.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 6-Harris-Shelley 50 2.50 4.50 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 420 7.00 0.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 3-Bearden-Davis ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 17 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 4.00 3.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 140 4.00 3.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 140 4.00 3.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 10-Lake-Nelson 480 0.00 7.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 2-Riley-Riley 140 4.00 3.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 230 1.00 6.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 6-Harris-Shelley 50 7.00 0.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 140 4.00 3.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 3-Bearden-Davis ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 18 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 90 6.00 1.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 90 6.00 1.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 100 3.00 4.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 10-Lake-Nelson 110 1.00 6.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 2-Riley-Riley 200 0.00 7.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 100 3.00 4.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 6-Harris-Shelley 100 3.00 4.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 90 6.00 1.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 3-Bearden-Davis ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 19 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 800 6.00 1.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 100 0.00 7.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 6-Harris-Shelley 50 1.50 5.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 500 5.00 2.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 100 3.00 4.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 3-Bearden-Davis 50 1.50 5.50 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 170 4.00 3.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 1100 7.00 0.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 2-Riley-Riley ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 20 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 120 5.50 1.50 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 140 3.50 3.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 6-Harris-Shelley 400 0.00 7.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 120 5.50 1.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 110 7.00 0.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 3-Bearden-Davis 140 3.50 3.50 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 170 2.00 5.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 200 1.00 6.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 2-Riley-Riley ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 21 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 400 4.00 3.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 430 0.50 6.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 6-Harris-Shelley 430 0.50 6.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 400 4.00 3.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 50 7.00 0.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 3-Bearden-Davis 400 4.00 3.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 400 4.00 3.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 400 4.00 3.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 2-Riley-Riley ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 22 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 650 2.50 4.50 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 3-Bearden-Davis 650 2.50 4.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 620 6.00 1.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 650 2.50 4.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 10-Lake-Nelson 650 2.50 4.50 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 2-Riley-Riley 650 2.50 4.50 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 100 7.00 0.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 6-Harris-Shelley 650 2.50 4.50 8-Smith-Hull vs 8-Gilmore-Helms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 23 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 90 1.50 5.50 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 3-Bearden-Davis 200 6.50 0.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 90 3.00 4.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 200 6.50 0.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 10-Lake-Nelson 140 5.00 2.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 2-Riley-Riley 90 1.50 5.50 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 120 0.00 7.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 6-Harris-Shelley 110 4.00 3.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 8-Gilmore-Helms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 24 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 500 7.00 0.00 1-Powell-LaShelle vs 3-Bearden-Davis 200 4.50 2.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 140 1.00 6.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 200 4.50 2.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 10-Lake-Nelson 200 4.50 2.50 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 2-Riley-Riley 100 0.00 7.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 200 4.50 2.50 7-McCabe-Craig vs 6-Harris-Shelley 170 2.00 5.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 8-Gilmore-Helms ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 25 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 4.00 3.00 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 100 4.00 3.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 6-Harris-Shelley 100 4.00 3.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 100 4.00 3.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 200 7.00 0.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 3-Bearden-Davis 620 0.50 6.50 7-McCabe-Craig vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 620 0.50 6.50 8-Smith-Hull vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 100 4.00 3.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 9-Apgar-Bunch ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 26 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 170 1.50 5.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 200 4.00 3.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 6-Harris-Shelley 400 0.00 7.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 650 6.50 0.50 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 200 4.00 3.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 3-Bearden-Davis 170 1.50 5.50 7-McCabe-Craig vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 650 6.50 0.50 8-Smith-Hull vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 200 4.00 3.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 9-Apgar-Bunch ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 27 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 3.50 3.50 2-Mayer-Hollahan vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 140 3.50 3.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 6-Harris-Shelley 140 3.50 3.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 50 0.00 7.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 1-Weimer-Vervenne 140 3.50 3.50 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 3-Bearden-Davis 140 3.50 3.50 7-McCabe-Craig vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 420 7.00 0.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 140 3.50 3.50 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 9-Apgar-Bunch ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 28 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 210 7.00 0.00 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 130 5.00 2.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 100 2.00 5.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 140 0.00 7.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 2-Riley-Riley 120 4.00 3.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 110 3.00 4.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 6-Harris-Shelley 200 6.00 1.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 110 1.00 6.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 10-Lake-Nelson ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 29 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 620 2.50 4.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 100 0.00 7.00 4-Bullington-Beam vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 650 5.50 1.50 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 620 2.50 4.50 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 2-Riley-Riley 620 2.50 4.50 7-McCabe-Craig vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 660 7.00 0.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 6-Harris-Shelley 620 2.50 4.50 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 650 5.50 1.50 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 10-Lake-Nelson ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 30 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 50 5.50 1.50 3-Valentine-Noelke vs 5-Tillery-Hudson 50 5.50 1.50 4-Bullington-Beam vs 7-Prechter-Kastner 140 1.00 6.00 5-Daniel-Pflugbeil vs 9-Apgar-Bunch 100 3.00 4.00 6-Palmer-Sowell vs 2-Riley-Riley 590 0.00 7.00 7-McCabe-Craig vs 4-McCarron-McCarron 110 7.00 0.00 8-Smith-Hull vs 6-Harris-Shelley 100 3.00 4.00 9-Mengden-Van Blarcom vs 8-Gilmore-Helms 100 3.00 4.00 10-Merrifield-Parker vs 10-Lake-Nelson ----------------------------------------------------------------------